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“Background and aims: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are known to be at risk of malnutrition, and cardiac cachexia is an adverse prognostic indicator. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary adequacy of CHF patients compared with

Dietary Reference Values, to compare the nutritional intake and status of CHF patients to a healthy comparison group, and finally to determine whether nutritional intake and status depended on New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class.

Methods and Results: Patients with CHF (n = 39) and a comparison group of 27 healthy participants, who did not have CHF, were asked to complete a four-day food diary, and energy and nutrient intakes were calculated. F-2 alpha-isoprostanes were measured

in urine as an indicator of oxidative stress and antioxidants were measured in serum or plasma. Overall 73% of the CHF patients this website were consuming less than recommended check details energy intakes, and more than 50% of these patients were also consuming less than recommended vitamin D, selenium and zinc intakes. Nutrient intake (energy, vitamin B6, D, E, iron, folate and riboflavin) was lower in CHF patients than in the comparison group, with vitamin B6 and folate intake and antioxidant status decreasing, and isoprostane status increasing as NYHA functional class increased.

Conclusion: The majority of CHF patients do not meet dietary reference values for energy and a range of nutrients, and nutrient intake is lower in CHF patients than in healthy individuals. Dietary inadequacy tends to be increased

in those with more severe disease. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The thermal conductivity kappa and thermopower S are discussed for the Kondo lattice CeCu4Al compound. Thermopower is positive over the whole temperature range and below T-max = 27 K falls rapidly. Based on a simple band model the position and width of the 4f peak nearest to the Fermi level have been estimated. Epacadostat in vivo The measured thermal conductivity of the CeCu4Al compound increases almost linearly with increasing temperature. The values of L/L-0 for CeCu4Al are typical of heavy fermion compounds. At low temperatures the magnetic field has the strongest effect on the thermopower and thermal conductivity. The maximum value of S(T) and temperature of the peak, Tmax are independent of applied magnetic field. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3624748]“
“The displacement of the center-of-pressure (COP) during quiet stance has often been accounted for by the control of COP position dynamics. In this paper, we discuss the conclusions drawn from previous analyses of COP dynamics using fractal-related methods. On the basis of some methodological clarification and the analysis of experimental data using stabilogram diffusion analysis, detrended fluctuation analysis, and an improved version of spectral analysis, we show that COP velocity is typically bounded between upper and lower limits.